China's Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Guangzhou cluster was ranked on top of the Global Innovation Index 2025 top 100 science and technology clusters published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) on Monday.

The Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Guangzhou cluster moved to the first place from the second last year, surpassing Japan’s Tokyo-Yokohama cluster. The San Jose-San Francisco cluster in the United States took the third position of this year's index, according to the WIPO.

The index, launched in 2017, measures the amount of innovation activity in a cluster, with criteria including international patent filings, scientific publications and venture capital deals, a metric that was newly added this year.